The System of Public Power and Integration of Cybernetic and Synergetic Approaches in Public Administration

Abstract

The paper examines the cyclical process of alternating periods of centralization and decentralization in the state administration of the USSR and post-Soviet Russia. Based on the system-informational understanding of public administration, the author identifies the causes of this phenomenon that are associated with certain advantages and disadvantages in both centralization and decentralization of administration. It is shown that implementation of a particular style of administration is determined by its relevance in a specific economic and social situation. At the same time, in order to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of the public administration system, it is usually advisable to simultaneously use several administation styles: centralization, partial decentralization, self-government. Since centralized models are associated with the implementation of cybernetic, and self-government — synergetic approaches, the author analyzes the essence of cybernetic and synergetic control systems, their similarities and differences, the mechanisms of their functioning and the features of their inherent feedback channels. The paper examines the prospects of synergetic approaches in public administration. The author notes that unlike cybernetic management models that are more effective in large territorial and industrial structures, synergetic systems provide a tangible advantage for small entities. A serious issue in the integration of these two models of administrative activity is the need for an optimal combination of appropriate information resources. The paper shows that one of the solutions to the problem is the development of a unified system of public power in the Russian Federation, as it is able to largely ensure the integration of cybernetic and synergetic approaches in public administration.