Abstract
The acrylamide (AM)/methacryloyl ethyl sulfobetaine (SPE)/behenyl polyoxyethylene ether methacrylate (BEM) terpolymer (PASB) was synthesized by soap-free emulsion polymerization. Four types of PASBs were synthesized by adjusting the moles of AM and BEM with constant total moles of monomers. The synthesized copolymers were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, molecular weight, and viscosity. By measuring the microscopic morphology and backscattered light intensity of the emulsions, the instability process of the emulsions prepared by PASBs was investigated in detail. The main instability processes of the emulsions prepared from PASBs within 45 min were flocculation and coalescence. The intermolecular association of copolymer PASBs was dominated by the behenyl functional groups on the molecular chains. The stability of the emulsions, which were prepared from isoviscosity aqueous solutions controlled by the concentration of the associative copolymers, was increased with the degree of association of copolymers. The hydrophobic association between the copolymer molecules can further slow down the flocculation and coalescence of the emulsion droplets on the basis of the same aqueous solution viscosity, which is one of the reasons for improving the stability of the emulsion.
Highlights
Acrylamide is the most commonly used water-soluble monomer, which can synthesize large-molecular-weight polymers
Refs. [1,2] Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) [3] is an excellent viscosity-increasing acrylamide polymerization product, which is widely used in enhanced oil recovery [4,5,6,7], drilling fluid systems [8], water treatment [9], biomedicine [10], surface coatings [11], and other fields
It can be seen that four target copolymers, PASBs, have been synthesized
Summary
Acrylamide is the most commonly used water-soluble monomer, which can synthesize large-molecular-weight polymers. [1,2] Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) [3] is an excellent viscosity-increasing acrylamide polymerization product, which is widely used in enhanced oil recovery [4,5,6,7], drilling fluid systems [8], water treatment [9], biomedicine [10], surface coatings [11], and other fields. The carboxylic acid group in the HPAM structure increases the hydrodynamic volume of the polymer through the Coulomb repulsion in low-salinity water and effectively increases the apparent viscosity [12]. The soap-free emulsion polymerization method was used to combine acrylamide (AM), amphoteric monomer N-(3-Sulfopropyl)-N-(methacryloxyethyl)-N, Ndimethylammonium betaine (SPE), and surface-active behenyl polyoxyethylene ether methacrylate (BEM) as the raw material to prepare a series of water-soluble polymers with zwitterionic groups and hydrophobic groups. The effect of the ratio of BEM and SPE in the synthesis of copolymers on the instability of the emulsion was further studied
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