Abstract
In the present study, we used CaCO3 nanoparticles (CCNPs) as carriers to assess the physicochemical characteristics and antibacterial effect of gentamicin sulfate (GS)-loaded CCNPs (CGPs). The results indicated that CCNPs had relatively regular chain-like structure, and the size of the crystallites was around 62.5 nm. FT-IR analysis indicated that the GS could effectively load onto CCNPs. Meanwhile, the dosage of CCNPs would affect the drug loading and entrapment efficiency of GS. CCNPs could prolong the release of GS, and the complete release of GS from CCNPs was extended up to 24 h. Additionally, CCNPs could obviously increase the antibacterial effect of GS. The zeta potential analysis and microscopic investigations indicated that the adsorbed CCNPs could increase the damage level of bacterial cell wall and enhance the permeability of cell membranes, leading to increased bacterial death.
Highlights
As a water-soluble aminoglycoside antibiotic with potent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity (Rama Prasad et al, 2003; Gamazo et al, 2007), gentamicin is usually used in combination with sulfuric acid, forming gentamicin sulfate (GS, the molecular structure is shown in Figure 1), to treat the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial infections (Drabu and Blakemore, 1990; Tang et al, 2014)
We investigated the morphology of synthesized CCNPs by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) and found that the synthesized particles exhibited chain-like structure of agglomerates with good dispersion (Figures 3a,c)
CCNPs were used as carriers to incorporate GS, and physicochemical characterization and antibacterial effect of CGPs were evaluated
Summary
As a water-soluble aminoglycoside antibiotic with potent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity (Rama Prasad et al, 2003; Gamazo et al, 2007), gentamicin is usually used in combination with sulfuric acid, forming gentamicin sulfate (GS, the molecular structure is shown in Figure 1), to treat the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial infections (Drabu and Blakemore, 1990; Tang et al, 2014). Gentamicin still has some shortcomings, such as low bioavailability, short half-life, and severe side effects (ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity), leading to its restricted application in clinical practice (Dahlgren et al, 1975; Tange et al, 1995; Dizaj et al, 2016). Some bacteria are gentamicin-resistant due to its wide use in the treatment of human and animal diseases. Nanomaterials with special properties (Luo et al, 2006; Zhang et al, 2008) have been widely used in industrial, military, personal, medical, and antibacterial applications (Jiang et al, 2009; Ramaraju et al, 2015).
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