Abstract
ﻟم ﻴﺘﻔق اﻟﻨﻘﺎد اﻟﻘداﻤﻰ وﻻ اﻟﻤﺤدﺜون ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻗﻀـﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﺘﻔـﺎﻗﻬم ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺠـودة اﻟﺸـﻌر اﻟﺠـﺎﻫﻠﻲ وﺤﺴـن ﻨظﻤﻪ وﻗوة ﺴﺒﻛﻪ وﺠﻤﺎﻝ ﺼورﻩ وﻟطﺎﻓﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻨﻴﻪ وﺼدﻗﻬﺎ وﻗوة ﻤﺒﻨﺎﻩ وﻋﻤق ﻤدﻟوﻻﺘﻪ ٬ ﻓﻬو ﺒﺤق ﻨﺴـﻴﺞ وﺤـدﻩ ظـﻝ ﻗﺒﻠـﺔ اﻟﺸـﻌ ارء اﻟﻌـرب ﻓـﻲ ﻋﺼـورﻫم اﻟﻤﺘﻘدﻤـﺔ واﻟﻤﺘـﺄﺨرة ٬ ﺒـﻪ ﻴﺄﺨـذون واﻟﻴـﻪ ﻴﺼـﻴرون ٬ وﻤــﺜﻠﻬم اﻟــذي ﻴﺤﺘــدون ٬ وأﻨﻤــوذﺠﻬم اﻷﻤﺜــﻝ اﻟــذي ﺒــﻪ ﻴﻘﺘــدون وﻤﻨــﻪ ﻴﻨﻬﻠــون . ﻋﻠــﻰ ان اﻟﻨﻘــﺎد اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼرﻴن ﻗد اﺨﺘﻠﻔوا ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻨظـر اﻟـﻰ ﺒﻨﻴـﺔ اﻟﻘﺼـﻴدة ﻛﻤـﺎ اﺨﺘﻠﻔـوا ﺤـوﻝ ﺼـﻴﺎﻏﺘﻬﺎ اﻻداﺌﻴـﺔ ودﻻﻻﺘﻬـﺎ اﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ واﻟﻤوﻀــوﻋوﻴﺔ وﻫــم ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺜﻼﺜـﺔ اﺼــﻨﺎف : ﺼــﻨف ﻗــﺎﻝ : ﺒواﻗﻌﻴـﺔ اﻟﺸــﻌر اﻟﺠــﺎﻫﻠﻲ وﺘﺸــﺒﺜﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ واﻨﺼﺎﻓﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﺒﺴﺎطﻪ واﻟوﻀوح ٬ وﺼﻨف ﺜﺎن ﻗﺎﻝ ﺒﻌﻤـق اﻟﻘﺼـﻴدة اﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴـﺔ وﻗـدرﺘﻬﺎ اﻻﻴﺤﺎﺌﻴـﺔ وﺨﺼوﺒﺔ ﻤﻌطﻴﺎﺘﻬـﺎ اﻟﻔﻛرﻴـﺔ واﻟﻨﻔﺴـﻴﺔ ﺒـﻝ ذﻫـب ﻫـذا اﻟﺼـﻨف اﻟـﻰ اﺒﻌـد ﻤـن ذﻟـك ﻓﻘـﺎﻝ ﺒرﻤزﻴـﺔ دﻻﻟﺘﻬـﺎ اﻟﻤوﻀــوﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﻔﻨﻴــﺔ وﻋﻠوﻫــﺎ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴــر اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸــر واﻋﺘﻤﺎدﻫــﺎ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴــر اﻟرﻤــزي اﻟــذي ﻴﺨﺘــرق اﻟﺠــدار اﻟﺴــطﺤﻲ ﻟﻴﺼــﻝ اﻟــﻰ اﻋﻤــﺎق اﻟــﻨﻔس ﻓﻴﺜــرى اﻟﻤﻌــﺎﻨﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﻌــددة وﻴﺨﺼــب طﺎﻗﺎﺘﻬــﺎ اﻟﻔﻨﻴــﺔ واﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ .
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