The Sufi Orders in Algeria: Struggle for Power

Abstract

The basic schools of mystical philosophy and practice were formed within Sufi orders (Tarikas) from the 11th century. Sufism spread to different parts of the world through its many branches. Maghrib also was a unique region for the development of Sufism. The Sufi orders had a great role in socio-political life of the region. The Tarikas were the place of great unity for many people and used that force in political struggle or insurgent movements. In the 19th century, Sufi orders in Algeria became a coordinating force for Muslim society fighting against colonising empires. They took the leadership in liberation movements of the anti-Turkish firstly and then the anti-French struggle. However, they did not succeed in uniting around a common goal due to the disagreement, distrust and even hostility. But it should be noted that the concepts formed during this period, the uprisings that took place, had a huge impact not only on the Algerian anti-French struggle but also on the further historical development of the country.