Abstract
Abstract: In optical fibres, the chirps generated by GVD and SPM, which both limit the system's performance when operating independently, balance each other out to produce soliton formation. To comprehend how such a balance is possible, we shall study the nonlinear optical effects and the dispersion-induced pulse broadening. If an optical pulse is not adequately chirped before it propagates inside an optical fibre, the GVD broadens the pulse. More specifically, an early stage of transmission compresses a chirped pulse whenever β2 and the chirp parameter C have opposite signs and β2C is negative. The optical pulse chirps due to SPM, ensuring that C > 0. If β2 < 0, it is easy to meet the criteria β2C < 0. Moreover, because the SPM-induced chirp depends on power, it is possible that in some situations, SPM and GVD could cooperate to the extent that the SPM-induced chirp is precisely the right amount to cancel out the pulse broadening caused by GVD. Here, an optical pulse propagates distortion-free as a soliton [27].
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