Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship and characteristics of cardiac, vascular and cognitive function in perimenopausal women with hypertension. Design and method: Female patients with hypertension aged 45–60 years old in Lanzhou University Second Hospital were selected as the case group (N = 355). And 355 age-matched healthy perimenopausal women were selected as control group. All subjects were surveyed by questionnaire for general characteristics. The blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio and serum lipid including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured at the same time. Echocardiography was used to measure cardiac structure and function. The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and ankle-arm index (ABI) were detected also. The cognitive functions of all subjects were evaluated by mini-mental state examination (MMSE). All data were analyzed by SPSS20.0 software. Results: 1) The influence factors of perimenopausal hypertensive women were less education and faster heart rate. 2) Compared with healthy group, there were significant difference on the left atrial diameter (LAd) [(33.11 ± 3.37) vs (28.91 ± 2.45)mm], and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) [(11.23 ± 1.22) vs (9.02 ± 0.86)mm] in perimenopausal hypertensive women (P < 0.05). 3) Hypertensive female also showed the significant differences in E/e’ [(8.08 ± 1.34) vs (7.46 ± 1.18)], interval e’ [(8.11 ± 1.70) vs (9.00 ± 1.75)cm/s] and lateral e’ [(10.46 ± 2.43) vs (11.42 ± 2.80)cm/s] (P < 0.05). 4) CAVI was higher in hypertension group than that of control group (P < 0.05). 5) More mild cognitive impairment patients were found in hypertension group than that of the control group(p < 0.05). 6) The main influencing factors of cognitive function among perimenopausal women with hypertension were age, menopause and the vascular dysfunction(p < 0.05). Conclusions: Family history of hypertension, high salt intake, alcohol abuse, poor education, heart rate and menopause may be the affect factors of hypertension among perimenopausal women. The influencing factors of cognitive function probably are age, arteriosclerosis and menopause, and also may promote the cognitive dysfunction among perimenopausal women with hypertension.
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