The study of promising sesame varieties for breeding purposes in the territory of the Northern Caspian Sea

Abstract

There are no industrial sesame crops on the territory of the Russian Federation. Only small farms grow it in small volumes in the Krasnodar and Stavropol territories. It is mainly imported from abroad. In the Astrakhan region, climatic conditions allow us to grow various groups of sesame in terms of precocity. For its cultivation, new varieties of this valuable crop are needed, adapted to local conditions. Therefore, the study and search for varieties with high yield and plasticity is relevant. The object of research was sesame varieties of different origin. As a result of a three-year study of 130 collection samples of sesame, 26 varieties were identified, which showed higher indicators of productivity of one plant, weight of 1000 seeds and yield compared to the standard. The most productive samples were from Turkmenistan and Venezuela (VIR catalog numbers 784, 1506 and 1509) – 3.5 and 2.9 t / ha, respectively. The selected highly productive varieties are of great interest for their application to create new adapted sesame varieties.