The Study of Effective Methods for Cleaning of Contaminated Water and Soil, Participation of Natural Radionuclides in the Processes Occurring in the Plant Mass

Abstract

A comprehensive physical, chemical and microbiological analysis of water, vegetation and soil samples taken from regions of the country was carried out. The distributions of heavy metals, trace amounts of natural radionuclides and other inorganic components in environmental objects were studied. By systematic studies have established that the degree of assimilation of the K40 isotope by green plant mass from water and soil is about 7-10 times higher than the degree of assimilation of radioactive isotopes of other elements. The K40 radioisotope is identified in all environmental objects. Initiation of the process by ionizing radiation and further elementary reactions of active particles creates the real condition for the highly endothermic processes of dissociation of water and carbon dioxide molecules, synthesis of new organic molecules and molecular oxygen. The role of gamma radiation of K40 radioisotope should be taken into account at comprehensive analysis of initial stage of photosynthesis. This conclusion is consistent with the revealed facts of increased plant yields on soils with relatively high concentrations of natural radioisotopes, observation of photosynthesis under thick layers of water in the presence of only long-wave infrared rays or in the absence of chlorophyll and oxygen. The cleaning method of soil contaminated with heavy metals and radionuclides have been studied, and the method for the physical adsorption and chemical sorption of organic pollutants (oil products) on the surfaces of wood cheeps floating in open water tank irradiated with ionizing rays has been developed.