Abstract
Resume The hydrodynamic calculations of the shape of a flame in a tube reported by Ball are a significant advance toward the understanding of the structure of flames in tubes. Like Michelson's calculations for a Bunsen flame, an idealized flame shape is obtained which differs from the actual flame shape, particularly near the extremitics. The unsymmetrical hook shape of a normal flame is due in part to the existence of convection currents, while many of the abnormal flame shapes may be attributed to the existence of pressure disturbances in the tube. Highly distorted flame shapes occur when the motion of the gas ahead of the flame or the exhaust becomes turbulent. Oscillations of the gas column as a whole can produce oscillations in flame travel which do not change the shape of the flame. The rounded tip of a flame in a tube is predicted without assuming a variable burning velocity but the behavior of the flame near the tube walls is affected by wall quenching and can only be described qualitatively.
Published Version
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