Abstract
The significance of his diagram for investigating stellar evolution was clearly realized by H.N. Russell as early as 1913. But its deeper understanding, and thus a theory of stellar evolution founded on observational facts, became possible only in connection with the study of the innerstructure of stars. The older works oft. H. Lane (1870), A. Ritter (1878–89), R. Emden (the “Spheres of Gas” appeared in 1907) and others could be based only on classical thermodynamics. A.S. Eddington succeeded in combining these approaches with the theory of radiation equilibrium and with Bohr’s theory of atomic structure, which had in the meantime been formulated; his book “The Internal Constitution of Stars” (1926) gave the start signal for the whole development of modern astrophysics.
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