Abstract
The development of tourism determines the cultural landscape transformation, spatial development of coastal localities, scale of recreational architecture and other forms of development related to tourism services. The article presents research aiming to analyze tourism development in the context of its impact on the cultural landscape of Polish coastal localities, taking into account the specificity of post-communist countries and supra-regional tendencies. The main objective of this study was to analyze the development of tourism in the context of its impact on the cultural landscape seaside towns and to identify, on the basis of the changes, the nature of tourism and forms of recreation in particular stages of the shaping of elements in coastal locality spaces and recreational architecture. The research was based on historical-interpretation studies, field studies of selected coastal localities, including urban-planning inventories, landscape, and functional and spatial analyses. The research carried out resulted in the identification of the stages of the cultural landscape transformation of coastal localities and indication of characteristic features of architecture and landscape. The journey along the coastline is a temporal journey through the changing nature of buildings, allowing observation of the stage-by-stage nature of investment processes in response to the changing needs of tourists.
Highlights
The Baltic Sea coast is one of the most attractive tourist regions in Poland, visited by four million tourists annually, while the coastal regions of Pomerania and West Pomerania have the highest indicators of tourism intensity in the country, significantly exceeding the national average [1]
The development of tourism and recreation functions has a significant impact on the transformation of the cultural and natural landscape of the coast, which, being a peculiar area between land and sea, is characterized by high sensitivity and susceptibility to changes caused by urbanization
The era of industrial tourism was characterized by change, commercialization and commoditization, while the post-industrial era of tourism is characterized by meaning, novelty and identity [3]
Summary
The Baltic Sea coast is one of the most attractive tourist regions in Poland, visited by four million tourists annually, while the coastal regions of Pomerania and West Pomerania have the highest indicators of tourism intensity in the country, significantly exceeding the national average [1]. The landscape, natural and cultural values are conducive to recreation tourism, health-resort, sightseeing and sport-based tourism. “marine and coastal tourism is one of the fastest-growing areas within the world’s largest industry” [2] The development of tourism and recreation functions has a significant impact on the transformation of the cultural and natural landscape of the coast, which, being a peculiar area between land and sea, is characterized by high sensitivity and susceptibility to changes caused by urbanization. It is commonly observed that traditional tourism marked with the “3S” symbol (sun, sea, sand) has been largely replaced by 3E tourism
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