Abstract
This paper tests the relative stability of voters' evaluations of candidates' policy positions over time. Using survey responses rating political figures in the 1980 and 1984 elections, a scaling procedure recovers the estimated positions of candidates and voters in a two-dimensional ideological space. Comparisons of candidate positions along ideological dimensions reveals little movement during that interval. Incumbency is also proposed as a new measurement for nonpolicy candidate characteristics in empirical tests of the spatial model. The results imply that voter perceptions of candidates are remarkably stable over this four year time period.
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