The Specificity in the Interaction between Cytochrome f and Plastocyanin from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. PCC 7119 Is Mainly Determined by the Copper Protein

Abstract

The plastocyanin-cytochrome f complex from Nostoc exhibits relevant structural differences when compared with the homologous complexes from other cyanobacteria and plants, with electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions being differently involved in each case. Here, five negatively charged residues of a recombinant form of cytochrome f from Nostoc have been replaced with either neutral or positively charged residues, and the effects of mutations on the kinetics of electron transfer to wild-type and mutant forms of plastocyanin have been measured by laser flash absorption spectroscopy. Cytochrome f mutants with some negative charges replaced with neutral residues exhibit an apparent electron transfer rate constant with wild-type plastocyanin similar to or slightly higher than that of the wild-type species, whereas the mutants with negative charges replaced with positive residues exhibit a significantly lower reactivity. Taken together, these results indicate that the effects of neutralizing residues at the electrostatically charged patch of cytochrome f are smaller than those previously observed for mutants of plastocyanin, thus suggesting that it is the copper protein which determines the specificity of the electrostatic interaction with the heme protein. Moreover, cross reactions between mutants of both proteins reveal the presence of some short-range specific electrostatic interactions. Our findings also make evident the fact that in Nostoc the main contribution to the electrostatic nature of the complex is provided by the small domain of cytochrome f.