Abstract
A comparison of the experimentally determined sintering kinetics for uranium and uranium-plutonium carbides of different stoichiometries with calculations for various theoretical models has been used to indicate probable sintering mechanisms. A bulk diffusion model with activation energies approximating to those for chemical diffusion under a concentration gradient is thought to apply. Ceramography has been used to study the influence of changes in composition and sintering atmosphere on grain size and microstructure, with the conclusion that grain growth is impeded by the presence of a grain-boundary second phase. The role of nickel as a sintering aid has also been investigated using, in addition to the above techniques, electron microprobe analysis and X-ray diffraction for chemical identification of phases. It is concluded that the first stage of sintering is one of particle rearrangement in a binary metallic liquid phase (U-Ni), followed by a solution-precipitation process. On prolonged annealing ternary U-C-Ni phases are produced, dominated by the composition U 2NiC 3.
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