Abstract
An evaluation of the hazards, controls, and safety issues involved in the arrival and docking of LNG carriers and the transfer, storage, and vaporization operations ashore, analysis of alternative methodologies for risk quantification, and results of several recent risk assessment studies suggest that the probability of a large-scale accident involving the public is very small but the consequences of such an accident could be great. Potential accidents are associated only with ships in harbor, land storage tanks, and possibly, the cryogenic pipeline carrying LNG from the ship to the tank. Dangerous fires or vapor clouds might occur in accidents where the spilled LNG is not confined in an intact containment, such as a tank dike. Burying the cryogenic LNG pipeline in the seabed and the storage tank in the ground, and the use of natural or artificial islands and floating terminals for unloading and regasifying LNG could eliminate all public risks from the LNG operations in the future.
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