Abstract
The muscle growth and development of livestock animals is a complex, multistage process, which is regulated by many factors, especially the genes related to muscle development. In recent years, it has been reported frequently that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved widely in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and body development (including muscle development). However, the research on circRNAs in muscle growth and development of livestock animals is still in its infancy. In this paper, we briefly introduce the discovery, classification, biogenesis, biological function, and degradation of circRNAs and focus on the molecular mechanism and mode of action of circRNAs as competitive endogenous RNAs in the muscle development of livestock and poultry. In addition, we also discuss the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs on muscle development in livestock in terms of transcription, translation, and mRNAs. The purpose of this article is to discuss the multiple regulatory roles of circRNAs in the process of muscle development in livestock, to provide new ideas for the development of a new co-expression regulation network, and to lay a foundation for enriching livestock breeding and improving livestock economic traits.
Highlights
Circular RNAs are widely found in eukaryotic cells; they are a special type of nucleotide sequence containing conserved microRNA binding sites (Westholm et al, 2014)
In order to carry out follow-up research in a more organized way, scholars depend on the genomic loci and the relationship with the connected parental transcript; circRNAs are categorized into five types: exonic (Danan et al, 2012; Salzman et al, 2012; Memczak et al, 2013; Li X. et al, 2019), intronic (Zhang et al, 2013; Das et al, 2019a,b), sense overlapping (Humphreys et al, 2019; Patop et al, 2019), antisense, and intergenic (Qu et al, 2015; Wang et al, 2016)
It is obvious that most studies focus on circRNAs guiding muscle development through the ceRNA co-expression regulation network
Summary
Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China. The muscle growth and development of livestock animals is a complex, multistage process, which is regulated by many factors, especially the genes related to muscle development. The research on circRNAs in muscle growth and development of livestock animals is still in its infancy. We briefly introduce the discovery, classification, biogenesis, biological function, and degradation of circRNAs and focus on the molecular mechanism and mode of action of circRNAs as competitive endogenous RNAs in the muscle development of livestock and poultry. We discuss the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs on muscle development in livestock in terms of transcription, translation, and mRNAs. The purpose of this article is to discuss the multiple regulatory roles of circRNAs in the process of muscle development in livestock, to provide new ideas for the development of a new coexpression regulation network, and to lay a foundation for enriching livestock breeding and improving livestock economic traits
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