The Role of Work Environment and Change Resistance on Innovative Work Behavior through Job Satisfaction: Moderating Effects of Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence

Abstract

This study examined the impact of work environment and resistance to change on employees' innovative work behavior, with job satisfaction as a mediator and emotional and spiritual intelligence as moderators. The population consisted of 85 employees of PT. SBM, using a convenience sampling approach. The results showed that work environment and resistance to change significantly affected innovative work behavior, while job satisfaction had no direct effect but mediated the relationships. Emotional intelligence did not moderate, but spiritual intelligence positively moderated the relationships between work environment, resistance to change and innovative work behavior. These findings provide insights into how organisational factors interact to influence employee innovation.