Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1), a member of the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channel family, is a nonselective cation channel that is widely expressed in sensory nerve fibers and nonneuronal cells, including certain vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. The activation of TRPV1 may be involved in the regulation of various physiological functions, such as the release of inflammatory mediators in the body, gastrointestinal motility function, and temperature regulation. In recent years, a large number of studies have revealed that TRPV1 plays an important role in the physiological and pathological conditions of the digestive system, cardiovascular system, and respiratory system, but there is no systematic report on TRPV1. The objective of this review is to explain the function and effects of TRPV1 on specific diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome, hypertension, and asthma, and to further investigate the intrinsic relationship between the expression and function of TRPV1 in those diseases to find new therapeutic targets for the cure of related diseases.
Highlights
The transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) subfamily consists of six members and is divided into four groups based on homology: Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1)/TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, and TRPV5/ TRPV6
Gastric emptying was examined via the 13C-octanoic acid breath test after oral administration of capsaicin in healthy people, and the results showed that the gastric emptying time decreased from 112 ± 15 min to 99 ± 14 min, indicating that capsaicin can significantly accelerate the gastric emptying process (Debreceni et al, 1999)
The results indicate that activation of the TRPV1 channel can modulate cardiovascular responses and that these channels can be a promising target for the treatment of cardiovascular disease
Summary
The transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) subfamily consists of six members and is divided into four groups based on homology: TRPV1/TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, and TRPV5/ TRPV6. Most members of the TRPV family are modestly permeable to Ca2+, they may play different roles in the body due to their differences in structure and distribution. TRPV1, the most widely studied member of the TRPV family, is a nonselective cationic ligand-gated channel located extensively on neuronal cells or nonneuronal cell membranes with high permeability to Ca2+. TRPV1 acts as a multisensory receptor for potential injury signals and can be activated by a variety of exogenous and endogenous mediators, such as capsaicin, The Role of TRPV1 in Certain Diseases temperature (43–52°C), acidic environments (H+), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4). TRPV5 and TRPV6 are the only highly Ca2+selective TRP channels and are mainly present in tissues and organs related to calcium ion transport. A brief summary is given on the progress of research on TRPV1 in the digestive system, cardiovascular system and respiratory system in recent years
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