The role of tissue thromboplastin in the development of DIC accompanying neoplastic diseases.

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Procoagulant activity of gastric cancer tissues and leukocytes obtained from various types of leukemia have been studied with special reference to TTP. The following results were obtained. Homogenates of APL leukocytes and gastric cancer tissues contained strong procoagulant activities, most of which have been identified as TTP since the activities were neutralized by a specific antibody against purified human placenta TTP, inactivated by the removal of phospholipid with heptane-butanol mixture, and inactivated by the addition of phospholipase C. The delipidated homogenates regained procoagulant activities by relipidation procedures. These results also confirmed that TTP from APL leukocytes and gastric cancer tissues have the same lipoprotein properties as those of TTP in normal tissues. Though slight proteolytic activity and fibrinolytic activity were demonstrated in the homogenate of gastric cancer tissues, it was noted that the TTP activity was different from these two activities by partial purification of TTP from gastric cancer tissues. The TTP activity of 9 homogenates of gastric cancer tissues was 301 +/- 289 (mean +/- SD) units per mg protein, being higher in homogenates of mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma than in those of tubular and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The mean TTP activity of leukocyte homogenates from 14 patients with APL and one out of 4 patients with CML in blastic crisis was 81 +/- 76 units/10(7) cells. The TTP activity of the homogenates of leukocytes from 7 out of 18 patients with AML and another patient with CML in blastic crisis ranged from one to six units/10(7) cells with a mean of 3.3 +/- 1.2. The TTP activity of leukocyte homogenates from the other 11 cases of AML, two cases of CML in blastic crisis, 6 cases of CML, and one case each of ALL and CLL were less than one unit/10(7) cells. In leukemic patients, all cases with a value of more than 202 for the product of units of TTP activity per 10(7) cells and differential count (%) of leukemic cells in the bone marrow smear (MU value) were accompanied by DIC. The MU value of leukemic patients correlated well to the plasma fibrinogen and serum FDP levels. All patients with a MU value of more than 277 died of DIC when a sufficient amount of heparin was not administered. On the other hand, no DIC developed in any of the patients with a MU value of less than 90.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)