Abstract
The article describes slurry and drainage water’s characteristics and shows the conditions of their formation in the technogenic system of the Komsomolsky Tin-ore District, Russian Far East. The investigation was conducted using environmental monitoring, and the physico-chemical modeling method. In a wide ambient temperature range (from minus 25 to 45 °C) the Eh-pH parameters of micropore solutions, which form technogenic (anthropogenic) waters at various host-rock—sulfide ratios (95:5, 50:50, 5:95), were determined. Depends on the primary ores and host rocks composition ionic and molecular composition of technogenic waters, as well as the association of crystallized hypergene minerals were established. The negative impact of slurry and drainage water on the hydrosphere and the health of the region’s population is shown. Following environmental monitoring, the content of dissolved metals exceeds background concentrations in slurry and drainage waters from hundreds to hundreds of thousand times. Modeling reveals, that from saturated technogenic waters, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Al, Ca, Mg, K, and Na oxides and hydroxides, sulfates, carbonates, arsenates, phosphates, and silicate minerals are precipitates. The tendency of double growth for 24 types of digestive, respiratory, and nervous system diseases during a 20-years period has been noted, moreover, children morbidity rate exceeds that of adults.
Highlights
Komsomolsky Tin-ore District is located at the East of Khabarovsk krai, Russian Far East, left bank of the Amur River
As a result of mining operations, three tailing dumps were formed in the district: Solnechnoye concentration mill (SCM), Central concentration mill (CCM), and Third
Sulfides in the enrichment tailings are in the crushed state, it leads to increased access of weathering agents and activation of hypergenic processes
Summary
Komsomolsky Tin-ore District is located at the East of Khabarovsk krai, Russian Far East, left bank of the Amur River. As a result of mining operations, three tailing dumps were formed in the district: Solnechnoye concentration mill (SCM), Central concentration mill (CCM), and Third. Minerals 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW hypergenesis, sludge and drainage waters are formed, and the content of both sulphide ore elements and the host rocks there are higher than the background characteristics of natural waters of the district [1,2,3]. Environmental monitoring have been showed that the content of the considered chemical elements exceeds natural background conditions (times): in slurry waters Zn – from 253 to 385000, Fe – 1.2–24253, Cu – 8–26230, Pb – 630–1703, Al – 2.1–915, Ca – 1830–44766, Mg – 1542–100285; in drainage waters Zn – 470–38200, Fe – 41–921, Cu – 416–768, Pb – 2–1470, Al – 3–253, Ca –
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