The Role of the Mind in Deducing Islamic Legal Rulings from Prophetic Hadith: Al-Awza'i as a Model

Abstract

This abstract aims to highlight the role of reason in deriving legal rulings by Islamic scholars from the two sources of revelation - the Quran and the Sunnah. This is achieved through the process of ijtihad, which relies on the use of reason to understand universal truths and establish civilizations of nations. The research explores the methods used by scholars in uncovering their approaches and perspectives. Reason is considered a requirement for those who are accountable, as it is the basis for the development of a nation's civilization. It distinguishes between truth and falsehood, benefits and harms, and interests and drawbacks. It commands and holds the accountable person responsible. Therefore, it is essential for humanity to preserve reason from anything that deviates it from sound nature. Reason is among the honors bestowed upon humans by God, as mentioned in the Quran: "And We have certainly honored the children of Adam and carried them on the land and sea and provided for them of the good things and preferred them over much of what We have created, with [definite] preference." [Quran 17:70]. Furthermore, to give the research its due significance, it is necessary to discuss the meaning of derivation and its relationship with reason, and to provide examples of Ibn Arabi's methodology in his explanation of the traditions of Imam al-Tirmidhi. This is evident in the use of reason in the process of ijtihad and deriving legal rulings from the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). 1- Research Problem: The research problem can be summarized in the following main question: The manifestations of reason in Ibn Arabi al-Maafiri's methodology in deriving legal rulings from Prophetic traditions. 2- Research Objectives: The research aims to achieve the following: a) Analyzing Ibn Arabi's methodology in his explanation of Prophetic traditions through his book "Aridat al-Ahwadhi." b) Drawing recommendations that can help researchers understand Ibn Arabi as a jurist and scholar of Hadith. 3- Research Significance: The significance of the research lies in highlighting the strength of Ibn Arabi's use of reason in the process of deriving legal rulings.