Abstract
Buildings portion in global energy consumption is 40%, and in the building envelope, the roof is a crucial point for improving indoor temperature, especially in the last and second last floors. Studies show that green roofs can be applied to moderate roof temperature and affect the indoor temperature in summer and winter. However, the performance of green roofs depends on several parameters such as climate, irrigation, layer materials, and thickness. In this context, the present research deals with a comprehensive experimental analysis of different thermal impacts of green roofs in summer and winter in a Mediterranean climate. Measurements carried out in one year in three different types of green roofs with different thicknesses, layers, and with and without the insulation layer. The analysis determined the possible period that indoor cooling or heating might be required with and without green roofs and demonstrated the positive impact of green roofs in moderating the roof temperature and temperature fluctuations, which in summer was remarkable. In conclusion, since in the Mediterranean climate, the thermal differences between green roofs and conventional roofs in summer are much higher than winter, it seems that the green roof without an insulation layer would show better performance.
Highlights
Buildings are responsible for about 40% of global energy consumption [1,2]
The green roofs known as a natural cooling system have a high potential in reducing energy consumption and mitigating the heat island effect through different mechanisms such as a decrease in solar radiation since a significant portion is absorbed for the biological functions of the plants, decreasing roof temperature, and decreasing surface temperature fluctuations [3]
The analysis showed that green roofs could decrease the energy consumption for cooling purposes
Summary
Buildings are responsible for about 40% of global energy consumption [1,2]. The green roofs known as a natural cooling system have a high potential in reducing energy consumption and mitigating the heat island effect through different mechanisms such as a decrease in solar radiation since a significant portion is absorbed for the biological functions of the plants, decreasing roof temperature, and decreasing surface temperature fluctuations [3]. The analysis of an irrigated, non-vegetated green roof with a depth of 80 mm showed daily temperature reduction of up to 8 ◦C in the summer by the evaporative cooling effect of the green roofs. The analysis showed that the green roof layers decrease the impact of sunshine and can be used as thermal insulation since it could absorb heat at the roof slab [17,18]. The green roof as a natural system to decrease the thermal requirement of buildings has been analyzed in this research In this context, since the green roof can be in different layers, thicknesses, with and without the insulation layer, the present research deals with a comprehensive experimental analysis of different impacts of green roofs in summer and winter in a Mediterranean climate. The advantages and disadvantages of using the insulation layer with green roofs in the Mediterranean climate have been investigated
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