The Role of Strategic Diplomacy in the National Nuclear Power Plant Development Plan in Indonesia in Supporting Energy and National Defense

Krisna Surya Narindra

doi:10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i1-46

Abstract

Energy diplomacy as a country's foreign policy agenda in securing access to international energy sources. The significance of energy for a country can always be a cause or proxy for its foreign policy or even its military actions. The plan for the development of nuclear power plants in Indonesia in support of the climate change program is based on global agreements and is able to provide a deterrent effect on national defense. However, until now the role of defense diplomacy in achieving national interests has not been optimal and its achievements are still limited to defense issues only (Sudarsono et al., 2018). This study aims to analyze the role of diplomacy on energy and defense, where diplomacy provides a first treat on energy, thereby realizing national energy security supported by defense diplomacy. This study uses a literature study to collect relevant data related to energy diplomacy, nuclear power plant development plans to support the NDC program, and defense diplomacy. The results of the study indicate that a diplomacy synergy is needed in achieving the national interest. Defense diplomacy can be synergized with energy diplomacy, which in this case is able to accelerate the development of nuclear power plants in Indonesia which provides a multiplier effect both in terms of energy security in the issue of climate change, even to the deterrent effect of Indonesian defense. The effect of diplomacy on energy indicates that diplomacy has a significant role in politics and the economy that a country's energy can create.

Highlights

Energy diplomacy can be regarded as one of the foreign policy agendas of a country aimed at securing access to international energy sources
One of the urgencies for the development of a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) in Indonesia is the energy deficit that still occurs in West Kalimantan, until now the power supply of 230 MW is obtained from SESCO Sarawak Malaysia, which operates 100 MW at base load and an additional 130 MW at at peak load
The role of diplomacy is very much needed in realizing the development of nuclear power plants in Indonesia, both in terms of NDC funding in the issue of climate change through the development of new and renewable energy, investment in nuclear power plant development, to defense diplomacy as a relay for the impact of energy diplomacy

Summary

Introduction

Energy diplomacy can be regarded as one of the foreign policy agendas of a country aimed at securing access to international energy sources. To achieve the target of 23% NRE in the national energy mix in 2025 will be difficult to achieve without the role of nuclear power plants It is a form of commitment in the Paris Agreement which is contained in Law No 16 of 2016 which maintains an increase in the earth's temperature by 2°C. The condition of a shortage of electricity supply in the Frontier, Remote and Disadvantaged (3T) areas at the border can IJSSHR, Volume 05 Issue 01 January 2022 www.ijsshr.in potentially be a military and non-military threat, which includes the ideological, political, economic, socio-cultural, defense and security aspects (Alwi, 2007) This indicates that the significance of energy for a country can almost always be a cause or proxy for its foreign policy or even military action. The importance of energy for the survival of a country can be explained through several reasons, such as; First, energy is more important to the economic and social development of the modern world than any other good or commodity; Second, hydrocarbon resources are distributed unequally in the world; and third, energy trade is often associated with the permanent infrastructure needed for the transportation of hydrocarbons and electricity, especially for industrialized countries (Selivanova, 2010: 49)

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Discussion

Conclusion