Abstract
A retrospective study was conducted in 198 patients suspected to have OSA at a tertiary centre in Mumbai . The pretest probability for the presence of OSAS was performed using Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS).SACS score was calculated as: Snoring 3 points, Apnea 3 points, Neck Circumference in centimeters, Systemic Hypertension 4 points. Risk stratification of SACS score was done as 48 high risk. A diagnosis of OSAS was done by using the criteria laid down by American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). Polysomnography (PSG) showing AHI of 5 or more was considered as diagnostic of OSA. A correlation was established between SACS and OSA using Chi square test. 29/51(56.8%) did not have OSA when their SACS score was low. 53/81(65.43%) had OSA when their SACS score was moderate. With high SACS score 56/66 (84.84%) showed presence of OSA. Overall moderate to high SACS score was able to predict OSA in 109/147 (74.15%). The correlation between SACS score and presence of OSA was highly significant (p value = 0.0000137).
Highlights
Obstructive sleep apnea is an under diagnosed condition, which has a global prevalence of 2-5%
The signs, symptoms and consequences of OSA occur as a direct result of the derangements that occur due to repeated collapsibility of the upper airways, sleep fragmentation, hypoxemia, hypercapnia and variations in intrathoracic pressure
A relation was established between the Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS) score and apneahypopnea index (AHI). 2.1 Inclusion criteria 1)Patients more than 18 years of age. 2)Patients willing to participate in the study. 3)Mentally stable patients. 4)Patients who are hemodynamically stable
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea is an under diagnosed condition, which has a global prevalence of 2-5%. The hallmarks of OSA are loud snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, witnessed breathing interruptions, nocturnal choking and at least 5 obstructive respiratory events (apneas, hypopneas) per hour of sleep. Examples of such pretest probability tests include Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), STOP BANG and BERLIN scores. All the study subjects were screened for the presence of OSA using the SACS score (S – snoring – 3 points, A – apnea – 3 points, C – neck circumference in centimeters, S – systemic hypertension – 4 points).
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