Abstract
This article presents a comparative analysis of energy governance with respect to renewable energy sources in Ecuador. The use of renewable energy sources increases energy security and enables countries to achieve their climate mitigation goals. Ecuador’s energy mix is dominated using fossil fuels and produces only 7.8% of its energy supply from renewable energy. The scenario analysis suggests that using the example of international renewable energy policies will achieve sustainable energy development in Ecuador. Relying less on fossil fuels and decentralizing the electricity sector from the use of thermoelectric plants is the great challenge for the country. Using the enormous water potential that Ecuador has and taking advantage of the sources of solar, biomass and wind energy available in the country will reduce the forecast of 60,233.70 KT CO2 by 2030 that would be reached if current consumption conditions and energy mix are maintained, while designing a long-term energy planning with a greater participation of renewable energies would forecast a CO2 emission of 41,232.30 KT, that is, a reduction of 31.5% in emissions.
Highlights
The scant results of different climate summits are just a sample of how far the world is from the necessary transition towards a system that provides energy services safely and sustainably
The simulation of GDP per capita based on the projection of the three scenarios SCENARIO1, SCENARIO2 and SCENARIO3– shows a positive economic projection until 2030 (Figure 6): Economic growth would be between 35% and 37% in the first two scenarios, while there would be an increase reaching 60% compared to the year 2000 in SCENARIO3
The simulation shows economic growth, it is necessary to indicate that for the decade the Economic growth is not very encouraging, so Ecuador’s GDP per capita would continue to be one of the lowest in Latin America [57], which could be attributed to high population growth and moderate economic growth [58]
Summary
The scant results of different climate summits are just a sample of how far the world is from the necessary transition towards a system that provides energy services safely and sustainably. The key role of energy in global problems is clear. About two-thirds of greenhouse gas emissions causing climate change can be traced back to the use of fossil fuels. A new struggle over oil is raising fears of a new generation of geopolitical conflict. Global economic instability is strongly correlated to the volatility of the price of energy. Economic development is mostly defined by the process of overcoming energy poverty, 1.6 billion people still lack access to even the most basic energy services [1]
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