The role of primary health care in preparing young men for military service

Abstract

The basis of the system for providing medical care to the population is primary health care, which includes a number of measures: prevention, diagnosis, treatment of various diseases, medical rehabilitation, the formation of a healthy lifestyle and sanitary and hygienic education. When providing primary health care to young men 15-16 years of age, scheduled preventive medical examinations are carried out annually. The local pediatrician or general practitioner coordinates the work and is responsible for the timeliness of its implementation. Based on the results of the examination, a comprehensive assessment of the state of health of young men is given, physical fitness and neuropsychic health is assessed, a health group and a medical group for physical education are determined, a final diagnosis is made, recommendations on health improvement, treatment, regimen and nutrition are provided, and data on the level of training of young men to serve in the army are analyzed. From 2002 to 2019, the number of boys aged 15-16 declined from 39,113 in 2002 to 18,935 in 2019. The coverage of their preventive examinations was at a high level and averaged 94.27%. During preventive examinations, for the first time a significant number of young men in need of dispensary registration, medical and recreational activities were identified. The total number of young men 15-16 years old, who are annually under dispensary supervision, changed, and during the study period this indicator was 60.6%. The effectiveness of the work was assessed based on the results of the transfer from the third health group to the second health group and removal from the dispensary register. The long-term average rate of transfer of young men from the third health group to the second health group was 26.9%, and the removal from dispensary registration was 7.0%. The leading role in the preparation of young men for military service belongs to outpatient-polyclinic medical organizations. It is necessary to strive to further improve the quality of dispensary observation, to provide all the young men with full-fledged treatment, health improvement and rehabilitation, when it is necessary.