Abstract
Piperacillin, is a β-lactam, usually used for treatment of severe hospital-acquired infections. We retrospectively analysed 649 medical records with a suspicion of drug allergy, 24 patients of which were studied for piperacillin-tazobactam allergy. We included13 women and 11 men. Average age was 65,54 years (±16,31, age range 29-90). 18 patients were included per protocol; 8 of them (44,4%) presented delayed reaction and 10 (55,6%) immediate reaction. Among immediate reactions; 4 patients presented anaphylaxis, 2 had hypotension and 2 itching and cutaneous symptoms. 80% developed symptoms with the first administration. Delayed reactions appeared 2 to 22 days after treatment was initiated, average 8,71 days(±6,55). Most common symptom was maculopapular rash (90%), 2 added itching and 1 skin desquamation. Allergic study included skin prick, intradermal and patch test with the main components involved in β-lactam allergy, also piperacillin. Finally, 9 patients were diagnosed of piperacillin allergy, 6 of them immediate hypersensitivity and 3 delayed allergy. The rest of them were diagnosed with β-lactam allergy(4) or aminopenicillin allergy (1). In 5 of 9 patients with piperacillin allergy, it was carried out an oral challenge with amoxicillin well tolerated. -We present a descriptive study where we had a high suspicion of piperacilin allergy.
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