Abstract
Aim: It is known that non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk increases in agricultural workers and it is thought that pesticides have an effect on this increase. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the role and effect of pesticides in the etiology of lymphoma. Material and Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination 2009 guide developed by York University National Institute of Health Research. It was carried out in the databases Science Direct, EBSCO (CINAHL Complete), PUBMED, Wiley Interscience, Springer Link databases to cover the years 2014-2019. Results: As a result of the review, six studies were included in the research and presented in “year of study, research type and sample characteristics, measurement tools used, results obtained, and level of evidence”. Conclusion: It was found that pesticide use was associated with the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and its subtypes. Occupational exposures should be assessed in communities whose main livelihood is agriculture and this group should be trained by health professionals on the use of personal protective equipment and protective behaviors.
Highlights
Pesticides are commonly used with the purpose of preventing the loss of yield in food sources to meet the needs of the growing world population, and these products have serious negative impacts on human health
The same study group reported that there was a positive relationship between dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) and liver, testis, and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) [8]
It was found that the use of herbicides had a small but significant effect IV on the risk of some NHL subtypes, it did not affect the risk of NHL in general
Summary
Pesticides are commonly used with the purpose of preventing the loss of yield in food sources to meet the needs of the growing world population, and these products have serious negative impacts on human health. It is known that the risk of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) increases in agricultural workers [2-5]. Different exposures may contribute to this increased risk, and pesticides are considered to have a significant role [6]. Despite the widespread use of pesticides, there are a limited number of studies examining the relationship between the risk of NHL and pesticides in the general population. The International Agency for Research on Cancer study group classified organochlorine pesticides as NHL-associated carcinogens [7,8]. The same study group reported that there was a positive relationship between dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) and liver, testis, and NHL [8]. It was found that high DDT level increased the risk of NHL [9]. Most studies reported increased NHL risk with organochlorine exposure [10-12], there are studies indicating that there is no relationship [13-15]
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