Abstract
BackgroundBone tissue engineering and the research surrounding peptides has expanded significantly over the last few decades. Several peptides have been shown to support and stimulate the bone healing response and have been proposed as therapeutic vehicles for clinical use. The aim of this comprehensive review is to present the clinical and experimental studies analysing the potential role of peptides for bone healing and bone regeneration.MethodsA systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Articles presenting peptides capable of exerting an upregulatory effect on osteoprogenitor cells and bone healing were included in the study.ResultsBased on the available literature, a significant amount of experimental in vitro and in vivo evidence exists. Several peptides were found to upregulate the bone healing response in experimental models and could act as potential candidates for future clinical applications. However, from the available peptides that reached the level of clinical trials, the presented results are limited.ConclusionFurther research is desirable to shed more light into the processes governing the osteoprogenitor cellular responses. With further advances in the field of biomimetic materials and scaffolds, new treatment modalities for bone repair will emerge.
Highlights
Bone tissue engineering and the research surrounding peptides has expanded significantly over the last few decades
The aim of this study is to identify the currently existing osteogenic peptides, other than those derived from Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and to investigate their impact in the upregulation of bone healing and bone regeneration
This review was conducted in accordance to the PRISMA guidelines [26]
Summary
Bone tissue engineering and the research surrounding peptides has expanded significantly over the last few decades. Several peptides have been shown to support and stimulate the bone healing response and have been proposed as therapeutic vehicles for clinical use. The aim of this comprehensive review is to present the clinical and experimental studies analysing the potential role of peptides for bone healing and bone regeneration. After a traumatic insult to the bone, the musculoskeletal system mounts both local and systemic reactions facilitating the prompt restoration of the continuity of bone and normal function. It is estimated that 1.5 million bone grafting procedures are performed annually
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