The role of «old age proteins» and endotelial dysfunction markers in diabetic foot syndrome development

Abstract

Background . Diabetes mellitus has been the most common endocrine disease in the world for decades. The growth rate of this disease has become a global pandemic. With diabetes, the risk of developing macrovascular complications increases dramatically, this often leads to serious complications such as diabetic foot. The aim of the study was to determine the levels of «old age proteins» and markers of endothelial dysfunction characteristic to the diabetic foot syndrome. Materials and methods. The study was carried out in the Laboratory of experimental and clinical biochemistry and immunology of the research Institute of Molecular medicine of the Chita State Medical Academy and included determining of endothelial dysfunction markers (homocysteine, endothelin, NO x , NO 2 , NO 3 ), MMP-9, GDF-15/MIC-1, CCL11 by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Result . Diabetic foot syndrome is characterized by the level of GDF-15/MIC-1 equal to 1440 PG/ml or more, and by NO x that equal to 20 mmol/l or more. When these thresholds are reached, the probability of developing diabetic foot syndrome in diabetic patients increases in 10 and 4 times, respectively, which is confirmed by the results of statistical analysis in the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 program. Conclusions . Increased levels of GDF-15/MIC-1 protein and nitric oxide metabolites in patients with type II diabetes can be considered as predictors of diabetic foot syndrome. The inclusion of these indicators in the structure of the regression model allows us to diagnose the preclinical stage of diabetic foot syndrome, which in the future will allow us to optimize the management and treatment of these patients.