Abstract
The successful treatment of various hematologic diseases with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is often limited by the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Several microRNAs (miRs) have recently been shown to impact the biology of GvHD by regulating pro- as well as anti-inflammatory target genes. There is increasing evidence that a single miR can have different effects by preferentially targeting certain genes depending on the cell type that the miR is analyzed in. This review will focus on the role of miRs in myeloid cells during the development of acute and chronic GvHD and autoimmune diseases. Because miRs act on the expression of multiple target genes and may thereby influence the immune system at different functional levels, they are potentially attractive targets for the modification of allogeneic immune responses using miR mimics and inhibitors.
Highlights
Reviewed by: Raphael Carapito, Université de Strasbourg, France Hildegard Theresia Greinix, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
The successful treatment of various hematologic diseases with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is often limited by the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD)
This review will focus on the role of miRs in myeloid cells during the development of acute and chronic GvHD and autoimmune diseases
Summary
Reviewed by: Raphael Carapito, Université de Strasbourg, France Hildegard Theresia Greinix, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. This review will focus on the role of miRs in myeloid cells during the development of acute and chronic GvHD and autoimmune diseases. In addition to these descriptive findings in humans, miR-146a was shown to function as an anti-inflammatory regulator in different cell subsets in mice [10].
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