Abstract
The role of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in medical applications is rapidly developing. Advances in nanotechnology are bringing us closer to the development of dual and multifunctional nanoparticles that are challenging the traditional distinction between diagnostic and treatment agents. The current use of MNPs in breast cancer falls into four main groups: (1) imaging of primary and metastatic disease, (2) sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), (3) drug delivery systems, and (4) magnetic hyperthermia. The current evidence for the use of MNPs in these fields is mounting, and potential cutting-edge clinical applications, particularly with relevance to the fields of breast oncological surgery, are emerging.
Highlights
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possess unique properties, which make them highly attractive to medical applications
It is essential that we develop further imaging studies to identify standardized criteria for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters that define metastatic axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer
They synthesized a conjugated MNP which comprised of an iron oxide nanoparticle core coated with an amine-functionalized PEG silane attached to cholorotoxin chemotherapeutic agent (CTX), forming CTX enabled nanoparticles (NPCs)
Summary
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possess unique properties, which make them highly attractive to medical applications. If the volume of a material is reduced as in the case of MNPs, to just one domain, the magnetic properties are no longer similar to bulk materials [4] Due to their small volume, MNPs usually present with superparamagnetic behaviour. This means that thermal energy may be enough to change spontaneously the magnetization within each MNP by allowing the magnetic moment of each MNP to rotate randomly just because of temperature influence. The lack of remanent magnetization after removal of an applied external field enables the MNPs to maintain their colloidal stability and avoid agglomeration This property is important for biomedical applications [4]. The current evidence for the use of MNPs is mounting, and potential cutting-edge clinical applications, with relevance to the field of breast oncological surgery, are emerging
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