The Role of Machine Learning and Internet of Things in Digital Health Transformation

Abstract

It is expected that by 2030, 60% of world’s population will be in cities. With increase in population and the complexity of the infrastructure, cities need intelligent techniques. The rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICT) supports the concept of smart cities. Recently, this concept has played a significant role in academia and industry. In the era of internet of things (IoT), cities have become smarter and connected devices generates massive amount of data. Thus, Machine learning (ML) can be applied to improve the intelligence and the abilities of IoT applications. ML is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that handles with the analysis and construction of systems from the knowledge obtained from the data. The applications of ML and IoT has attracted many researchers. These applications include smart health, smart education, smart transportation and others. So, ML and IoT can develop a smarter environment and a simple lifestyle. The aim of the current chapter is to provide a review on the role of ML and IoT in smart cities and it is mainly focused on the role of AI, IoT and blockchain in digital health transformation. It also discusses the challenges of IoT in smart cities. Future research directions are suggested at the end of the chapter. It was found that ML and IoT approaches had remarkable contribution to the development of smart cities. Moreover, blockchain can provide an effective solution to overcome the security challenge of IoT. In addition, secure healthcare digital systems can be achieved via integrating IoT with Blockchain. Also, fog computing technology can be integrated with IoT systems to minimize the latency of e-healthcare.