The Role of Deliberative Cognitive Styles in Preventing Belief in Politicized COVID-19 Misinformation

Abstract

ABSTRACT Misinformation related to COVID-19 is a threat to public health. The present study examined the potential for deliberative cognitive styles such as actively open-minded thinking and need for evidence in deterring belief in misinformation and promoting belief in true information related to COVID-19. In addition, regarding how responses to the pandemic have been politicized, the role of political orientation and motivated reasoning were also examined. We conducted a survey in South Korea (N = 1466) during May 2020. Participants answered measures related to demographics, open-minded thinking, need for evidence, and accuracy perceptions of COVID-19 misinformation and true information items. Multi-level analyses of the survey data found that while motivated reasoning was present, deliberative cognitive styles (actively open-minded thinking and need for evidence) decreased belief in misinformation without intensifying motivated reasoning tendencies. Findings also showed a political asymmetry where conservatives detected COVID-19 misinformation at a lesser rate. Overall, results suggest that health communication related to COVID-19 misinformation should pay attention to conservative populations. Results also imply that interventions that activate deliberative cognitive styles hold promise in reducing belief in COVID-19 misinformation.