The Role of CX3CL1-CX3CR1 Axis, C3, C4 & ESR Abs in pathogenicity of Iraqi patients with SLE

Abstract

Background: Systematic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been described as a chronic inflammatory illness where chemokines play an essential role in its pathogenesis CX3CL1and CX3CR1 are chemokines that described their crucial role in immune response in SLE patients. Aim of the study: To evaluate the serum level of CX3CL1- CX3CR1, C3, C4 & ESR Abs in SLE patients without treatment and compare their level with those under treatment (hydroxychloroquine,predeslone 5-20mg, D3). Patients collecting and Methods: 120 females with SLE and healthy, with ages ranging between 20-40 years, were involved in this investigation from Medical City (Consultant of Arthritis, Consultant of Dermatology, Lobby of Hematology and Arthritis)/ Baghdad Teaching Hospital and from Al-Imameen Al-Kazimeen Teaching Hospital from August 26 to October 18, 2021. The samples included 80females with SLE (40 females as early diagnosed patients (G2) without treatment, 40 females as patients that received treatment subjects (hydroxychloroquine, predeslone 5-20mg, D3) (G3), while the control group included 40 healthy females (G1). Five mL of venous blood were obtained from patients and healthy females for measuring C3, C4, ESR and serum levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1, which were measured using the ELISA method. Results: Our findings demonstrated a significant increase in the serum levels of CX3CL1, CX3CR1, and ESR. Also, there were significant decreases in serum levels of C3 and C4 in SLE patients (with and without treatment) compared to the control group, and a significant difference was detected between SLE patients without treatment and patients receiving treatment. Conclusion: Based on our results, CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 chemokines may have a role in the pathogenesis of SLE as they are increased in SLE patients. In addition, serum CX3CL1 levels can be used as an independent biomarker of SLE activity. Furthermore, low levels of c3 and c4 and high levels of ESR are considered diagnostic indicators of SLE disease in people. Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus, CX3CL1; CX3CR1. C3,C4