The role of bulk modulus in epidural placement

Abstract

Figure 4 4) Constant force on the plunger that automatically depresses when the epidural needle enters the epidural space eliminates the subjective “feel” required with standard LOR syringes. 5) Air Vs Saline: As no subjective feel is required, technically saline is as good as air. Thus by avoiding air complications related to it like, patchy block, risk of venous air embolism can be avoided. 6) Cost effective: by replacing regular syringe instead of LOR syringe cost can reduced.