Abstract
The knowledge of the structure, function, and abundance of specific proteins related to the EMT process is essential for developing effective diagnostic approaches to cancer with the perspective of diagnosis and therapy of malignancies. The success of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) differentiation therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia has stimulated studies in the treatment of other tumors with ATRA. This review will discuss the impact of ATRA use, emphasizing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins in breast cancer, of which metastasis and recurrence are major causes of death.
Highlights
In the last two decades, the total number of people diagnosed with cancer has almost doubled, from an estimated 10 million in 2000 to 19.3 million in 2020
Fundamental findings suggest that the positive therapeutic effects of All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) observed in the clinic may be due to its ability to reverse mesenchymal transcription programs
The reverse process, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), allows mesenchymal cells to reverse to an epithelial phenotype and plays a key role in the metastatic spread of cancers
Summary
In the last two decades, the total number of people diagnosed with cancer has almost doubled, from an estimated 10 million in 2000 to 19.3 million in 2020. 5 people around the world suffer from cancer during their lifetime. Cancer deaths have increased, from 6.2 million in 2000 to 10 million in 2020. More than one in six deaths is caused by cancer. Will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer during their lifetime, and 1 in 39 women (3%) will die of breast cancer [2]. Breast cancer usually does not cause any symptoms if the tumor is small and is easiest to treat. The prominent role of proteomics is to identify biomarkers for early cancer screening and predict therapeutic response [3–5].
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