The results of the study in the conditions of the Orel region of sour cherry varieties of breeding of the Tatar research institute of agriculture

Abstract

The article presents the results of a long-term study in the conditions of the Orel region of seven varieties of sour cherry, bred in diff erent years in the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture: Naumovskaya, Zarya Tatarii, Pamyat Sakharova, Truzhenitsa Tatarii, Tveritinovskaya, Shakirovskaya and Sevastyanovskaya. The varieties were graft ed in stone fruit stands of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding (RRIFCB, Orel) in 2009. The study was conducted in order to determine the suitability of growing of indicated varieties in the conditions of the Orel region and the possibility of its recommending as sources of economically valuable traits for breeding. The RRIFCB Businka variety was used as a control accession. The study was started in 2010 and lasted until 2018 inclusive. According to the results of research, it was found that all the studied varieties in general correspond to the natural conditions of the Oryol region and can be successfully cultivated in this region. Individual varieties were positively distinguished by a number of parameters. The varieties Pamyat Sakharova and Naumovskaya had the highest fl owering among all the studied accessions. The maximum general degree of fl owering and fruiting stood out for the Truzhenitsa Tatarii variety. Among the studied accessions, all showed a high degree of resistance to the main fungal diseases of this zone – coccomycosis and moniliosis – and did not show a lesion stronger than 2.0 points. Winter hardiness was also relatively high among all the studied accessions, but the varieties Tveritinovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova, and the control variety Businka showed themselves best on this trait. Varieties Sevastyanovskaya and Pamyat Sakharova showed the highest degree of general condition. The variety Pamyat Sakharova, which showed the most positive results in the majority of the studied parameters, can be recommended for cultivation in the production conditions of the Orel region and for further breeding research on sour cherry.