The results of selective breeding of blue chives (Allium nutans L) on leached chernozem of the Ob region of the Altai Territory

Abstract

Perennial onion crops, due to their nutritional and taste properties, have been known and used by humans for a long time. Perennial species of onion crops are divided into edible and decorative, and people use them for these same qualities in their daily life. The group of perennial wild species of onion crops for consuming includes 18 species. These onions have a fairly high productivity and high eating experience. This group includes blue chives (Allium nutans L). In practical vegetable growing, this perennial plant is not very widespread. One of the reasons for the lack of demand for crops among producers is the lack of varieties adapted to growing conditions. The purpose of our work was to create a variety of blue chives for the conditions of the south of Western Siberia. The studies of promising clones of blue chives were carried out in 2008-2018 in the forest-steppe conditions of the Ob region of the Altai Territory. Field experiments were laid on a site located outside the selection crop rotation, at the West Siberian Vegetable Experimental Station, a branch of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “FSCVG”. The objects of the research are 8 breeds of blue chives, with numbers according to the station catalog: 28, 41, 51, 72, 169, 195, 218, and 225. The subject of research is economically valuable traits and indicators of the qualitative composition of leaves. The recognized variety “Green” was taken as a standard. As a result of the research carried out on the totality of indicators, sample No. 72 was selected, which was included in the program to create a new variety in 2011. Applying the method of analytical selection and using multiple clone selection, a new variety of blue chives, named Svetloyar, was developed. In 2018 sample No. 72 was transferred to the State Variety Test, successfully passed it and, according to the results of the study in 2020, it was zoned and entered into the State Register of Plant Variety Achievements approved for use as the variety “Svetloyar”.