The relationship between urologic cancer outcomes and national Human Development Index: trend in recent years

Xiao-Fang Xia,Nan Zhang,Yi-Qiu Wang,Zhong-Yi Li,Yi-Chu Yuan,Xin-Yu Zhao,Shi-Yi Shao,Shi-Geng Zhang

doi:10.1186/s12894-022-00953-5

Abstract

ObjectivesTo describe the influence of the socioeconomic development on worldwide age-standardized incidence and mortality rates, as well as mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) and 5-year net survival of urologic cancer patients in recent years.MethodsThe Human Development Index (HDI) values were obtained from the United Nations Development Programme, data on age-standardized incidence/mortality rates of prostate, bladder and kidney cancer were retrieved from the GLOBOCAN database, 5-year net survival was provided by the CONCORD-3 program. We then evaluated the association between incidence/MIR/survival and HDI, with a focus on geographic variability as well as temporal patterns during the last 6 years.ResultsUrologic cancer incidence rates were positively correlated with HDIs, and MIRs were negatively correlated with HDIs. Prostate cancer survival also correlated positively with HDIs, solidly confirming the interrelation among cancer indicators and socioeconomic factors. Most countries experienced incidence decline over the most recent 6 years, and a substantial reduction in MIR was observed. Survival rates of prostate cancer have simultaneously improved.ConclusionDevelopment has a prominent influence on urologic cancer outcomes. HDI values are significantly correlated with cancer incidence, MIR and survival rates. HDI values have risen along with increased incidence and improved outcomes of urologic caner in recent years.

Highlights

With the growing and aging population, cancer has been expected to rank as the leading cause of death and the most important barrier to increasing life expectancy across the world [1]
This study aims to evaluate the correlation between the Human Development Index (HDI) values and the incidence rates, mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) and 5-year survival rates of urologic cancer in 2012 and 2018
We further examined the correlation of national incidence rates and 5-year net survival estimates with corresponding HDI, separately

Summary

Introduction

With the growing and aging population, cancer has been expected to rank as the leading cause of death and the most important barrier to increasing life expectancy across the world [1]. Urologists are the front line for the diagnosis and treatment of urologic malignancies, mainly including prostate, bladder, and kidney cancer [2]. According to Global Cancer Statistics 2018, prostate, bladder and kidney cancers have ranked the 3rd, 10th and 14th most common tumors worldwide with crude incidence rate (per 100,000) of 36.0, 7.4 and 5.5, respectively [1]. The main epidemiologic characteristics of urologic cancer are impacted by the large geographic and temporal variation in risk factors related with behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic reasons [2]. The global composition of urologic cancer patients has been continuously evolving due to multiple forces [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Socioeconomic development is closely interconnected with public health [10].

Objectives

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion