Abstract
Urban population density distribution contributes towards a deeper understanding of peoples’ activities patterns and urban vibrancy. The associations between the distribution of urban population density and land use are crucial to improve urban spatial structure. Despite numerous studies on population density distribution and land use, the significance of spatial dependence has attained less attention. Based on the Baidu heat map data and points of interests data in the main urban zone of Guangzhou, China, the current paper first investigated the spatial evolution and temporal distribution characteristics of urban population density and examined the spatial spillover influence of land use on it through spatial correlation analysis methods and the spatial Durbin model. The results show that the urban population density distribution is characterized by aggregation in general and varies on weekends and weekdays. The changes in population density within a day present a trend of “rapid growth-gentle decline-rapid growth-rapid decline”. Furthermore, the spatial spillover effects of land use exist and play the same important roles in population density distribution as the direct effects. Additionally, different types of land use show diverse direct effects and spatial spillover effects at various times. These findings suggest that balancing the population density distribution should consider the indirect effect from neighboring areas, which hopefully provide implications for urban planners and policy makers in utilizing the rational allocation of public resources and regarding optimization of urban spatial structure.
Highlights
With the rapid urbanization process, urban space, constantly expanding and reconstructing, becomes more complex [1]
The demand for land functions increases with the increase of population, but the land use planning is inadequate, which leads to the dislocation of land use
According to the difference in peoples’ activities on the weekend and the weekdays, a flexible mechanism for urban management could be established to relieve the pressure during journey peaks
Summary
With the rapid urbanization process, urban space, constantly expanding and reconstructing, becomes more complex [1]. A series of “urban diseases” have emerged, such as environmental pollution, traffic congestion, and separation of living and working space [2,3,4]. These issues drive changes in the dynamic distribution of urban population density which is a major perspective of the improvement on urban liability [5]. Examining population agglomeration can provide information about the aggregation pattern of residents’ behavior [2,6,7]. It is necessary to examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of urban population density
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