The Relationship between Socioeconomic Factors and Household Income Levels in Coastal and Island Communities in South Sulawesi

Abstract

Purpose:  This study aims to describe the characteristics of poor households, including age, education, and main occupation, and examine their relationship with the income level of poor households in coastal communities in South Sulawesi.   Theoretical framework: The reality today still shows that these various poverty alleviation programs have not fully addressed the root causes of poverty. In theoretical studies, poverty is rooted in three main factors: individual poverty, cultural and environmental poverty, and structural poverty.   Design/methodology/approach: The research sample consisted of poor individuals living in coastal and island areas in South Sulawesi, with the unit of analysis being poor households. The sample size was 273 people. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the general characteristics of poor households, and Chi-Square analysis was used to assess the relationship between social characteristics and income levels.   Findings: Through Chi-Square analysis, it was found that age, education, and main occupation had a significant relationship with family income. Hence,  In poor coastal communities, productive age, education, and occupation are crucial factors in achieving higher family income and maintaining socioeconomic welfare in the future.    Research, Practical & Social implications: The findings have practical implications for policymakers and practitioners working to reduce poverty in coastal communities. The identified factors such as age, education, and occupation can guide targeted interventions, including providing free education and promoting alternative livelihoods beyond traditional occupations.   Originality/value: This study offers valuable insights into the characteristics of poor households in coastal communities in South Sulawesi and their relationship with income levels.