Abstract
BackgroundNursing is a high-risk occupation that involves exposure to stress. The physical and mental health of nurses is directly related to the quality of medical services, so the quality of life of nurses cannot be ignored. This study is a Chinese nursing study that investigated occupational stress, job burnout, and quality of life of surgical nurses in Xinjiang, China.MethodsThis study employed the cluster random sampling method and carried out a questionnaire survey among 488 surgical nurses from five hospitals from May 2019 to September 2019. The study analyzed the relationship between occupational stress, job burnout and quality of life. The Effort-Reward Imbalance questionnaire (ERI), Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS) and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to evaluate occupational stress, job burnout and quality of life among surgical nurses.ResultsA total of 550 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 488 were retrieved, with an effective recovery rate of 88.73 %. The results revealed that the quality of life score among surgical nurses was not high, and differences were observed in the quality of life score of patients according to gender, age, title, and frequency of night shifts (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between occupational stress and job burnout. Higher levels of occupational stress and job burnout were associated with a poorer quality of life score. Occupational stress and job burnout were identified as risk factors for quality of life, and the interaction between high levels of stress and burnout seriously reduced quality of life. The structural equation model revealed that occupational stress and job burnout had a direct impact on quality of life, occupational stress had a direct impact on job burnout, and job burnout was identified as a mediating factor in the relationship between occupational stress and quality of life.ConclusionsSurgical nurses have a high level of occupational stress and burnout, and low quality of life score. Quality of life is correlated with occupational stress and job burnout. According to the individual characteristics and psychological state of nurses, managers can implement personalized intervention measures promptly and effectively to relieve their tension and burnout, and improve the quality of life of surgical nurses.
Highlights
Nursing is a high-risk occupation that involves exposure to stress
Wei et al [10] analyzed occupational stress among nursing staff at a tertiary hospital in Xinjiang, and the results showed that the proportion of low occupational stress was 6.1 %, the proportion of medium occupational stress was 47.1 %, and the proportion of high occupational stress was 46.8 %, all of which were higher than the national standard
Quality of life score of surgical nurses under different population characteristics Male nurses had higher quality of life scores than female nurses (P = 0.023); nurses aged 29–28 years old had the lowest quality of life score, and nurses over 39 years old had the highest quality of life score (P < 0.001); the quality of life scores of nurses with different professional titles were different (P < 0.001); the total score of quality of life of night-shift frequency (> 3 times/month) was lower than that of night-shift frequency ≤ 3 times/month (P < 0.001); there was no statistical difference in the total score of the quality of life of nurses in comparison with other population characteristics (P > 0.05)
Summary
The physical and mental health of nurses is directly related to the quality of medical services, so the quality of life of nurses cannot be ignored. Stress affects the physical and mental health of medical staff, and affects their work quality and efficiency [2]. As a special professional group, nurses shoulder the important task of saving lives and promoting health. Their working status and working ability can have a direct impact on the lives and safety of patients [3]. Research shows that the nursing profession is highly pressurized, the work is intense, and nurses are part of the group that is typically at risk of occupational illness and ill health [4]. Nurses suffer from severe occupational stress and job burnout [5]
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