Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT), degree of smoking dependence, cumulative smoking burden and OSAS severity in smokers. 123 patients (Group 1) with OSAS and 92 healthy controls (Group 2) were included in the study. Group 1 was divided into smokers (Group 1a) and non-smokers (Group 1b). In Group 1a, cumulative smoking burden and Fagerström nicotine dependence test (FNDT) were questioned. Saccharin test was applied to Groups 1 and 2. Student-t, Mann-Whitney-U, Anova, Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the means. NMCT was higher in Group 1 than Group 2 (p = 0.005). The duration of NMCT was higher in Group 1A than Group 1B (p = 0.002). In Group 1a, NMCT values of mild and moderate OSAS patients were longer than in Group 1b (p = 0.02, p = 0.01, respectively). NMCT values of patients with mild dependence were shorter than those with moderate or severe dependence (p = 0.032, p < 0.001, respectively). Mucociliary clearance time was higher in smokers with OSAS than non-smokers. While OSAS has a negative effect on mucociliary clearance, smoking also exacerbates the condition.
Highlights
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT), degree of smoking dependence, cumulative smoking burden and Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity in smokers
For the evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance, an in vivo technique of saccharin clearance was described by Andersen et al [5] in 1974 and was modified by Rutland and Cole [6]
The mean period of clearance varies between 7 and 15 minutes, and transport time longer than 30 minutes indicates that nasal mucociliary clearance is impaired
Summary
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT), degree of smoking dependence, cumulative smoking burden and OSAS severity in smokers. An effective nasal mucociliary clearance (NMC) depends on the relationship between epithelial structure integrity, ciliary stroke frequency and mucus quantity and quality [2, 3]. Disorders in these defence mechanisms are effective in the pathogenesis of the inflammation and obstruction of small airways, increased susceptibility to respiratory tract infections, lung damage, tissue repair problems and progression of chronic respiratory diseases [4]. Effective and reproducible are important for clinical ease of use [5,6,7]
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