THE RECONSTRUCTION OF KAIDAH AL-TAZKÎR AND AL-TA’NÎS IN PARADIGM OF GENDER EQUALITY INTERPRETATION

Halya Millati

doi:10.32505/at-tibyan.v5i2.1625

Abstract

The rules of al-tazkîr and al-ta'nîs\ (masculinity and femininity) formulated by classical interpretation don’t adhere to the principle of equality. This is triggered by exclusivity of men as a necessity of applying these rules, which causes superiority of male (muzakkar) and inferiority of women (mu'annas). This paper aims to illustrate the rules of al-tazkîr and al-ta'nîs in the classical period, how the current reconstruction was, and what motives inspired the reconstruction. With Thomas Kuhn's theory of scientific revolution, this literature research finds that the rule of al-taz\kîr and al-ta'nîs\ was originally adopted from Arabic grammar, and it’s full of male superiority. Then, experiencing a shift, which was initially partial because it was only oriented towards language, into a theory of equality with its various forms that were more responsive to women. The theories chronologically include maqasid musawah (Ibn 'Ashur, w. 1973), the reciprocal theory of the Prophet's hadith (Abu Shuqqah, w. 1995), and Qira'ah Mubadalah (Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir). In addition, the motive for this shift is that the rule of al-tazkîr and al-ta'nîs is unable to answer the problem of gender inequality, so reconstruction efforts need to be carried out..

Highlights

This paper aims to illustrate the rules of al-tazk\ îr and al-ta'nîs\ in the classical period, how the current reconstruction was, and what motives inspired the reconstruction
With Thomas Kuhn's theory of scientific revolution, this literature research finds that the rule of al-tazk\ îr and al-ta'nîs\ was originally adopted from Arabic grammar, and it’s full of male superiority
The theories chronologically include maqa>s}id musa>wah (Ibn 'Ar, w. 1973), the reciprocal theory of the Prophet's hadith (Abu> Shuqqah, w. 1995), and Qira>'ah Muba>dalah (Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir). The motive for this shift is that the rule of al-tazk\ îr and al-ta'nîs\ is unable to answer the problem of gender inequality, so reconstruction efforts need to be carried out

Summary

Introduction

Al-tazk\ îr dan al-ta’nîs\ dalam kajian kontemporer, yang lebih mengaitkannya pada prinsip kesetaraan gender, sehingga kaidah tersebut tidak diartikan secara ekslusif pada satu gender saja, tetapi keduanya. Belum ada yang menyorot kaidah al-tazk\ îr dan al-ta’nîs\ dan rekonstruksinya pada paradigma tafsir kesetaraan gender. Penelitian ini lebih khusus membahas kaidah al-tazk\ îr dan al-ta’nîs\ pada masa klasik serta rekonstruksinya dalam teori kesetaraan Ibnu> ‘Ar, Abu Shuqqah dan Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir.

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Conclusion