THE QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ECONOMIC YIELD OF IRRIGATION WATER USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF SOME FIELD CROPS

Abstract

Irrigation resources are among the most important and current productive resources and the main determinant of agricultural production and expansion. Therefore, the problem of this research is determined by answering the following questions: What is the economic yield of the irrigation water used in field crops production and what is the economics of that use? The aim of this research is to determine the economic and quantitative benefits of the water unit used in the production of most field crops, in order to achieve the rationalization of irrigation water used in the production of these crops in all regions of the Republic. The results of the research were based on descriptive and quantitative analysis methods and some quantitative and value indicators for comparison between field crops average the period (2013-2017). - The amount of water discharged from Aswan to the field is about 1.25 billion cubic meters annually, representing about 10.1% of the annual average of the amount of water lost from Aswan to the field and about 12.4 billion cubic meters during the period (2003-2017). - The water balance in Egypt during the period of study took a decreasing trend from the beginning of 2003 until 2008 and then started to achieve water deficit in 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2017, and the maximum deficit in 2012 was about 4.6 billion cubic meters The lowest of about 0.2 billion cubic meters in 2017, which is due to the increase in the volume of applications on the total volume of water resources received, resulting in a deficit of about 0.11 billion cubic meters. - The Sesame crop is the first in terms of its water needs of about 5850 m3/ton, followed by Cotton with about 5389 m3/ ton, followed by Sudanese peanut of about 2251 m3/ t, followed by sorghum crop with about 1734 m3/ton. - The highest yield per cubic meter of water achieved by alfalfa was about 13.1 kg/m3, followed by continuous alfalfa yield of 10.4 kg /m3, then sugar beet with 8.98 kg/ m3, onions with 7.7 kg /m3 followed by garlic and sugar cane, 4.3 kg/m3. - The efficiency of the delivery of irrigation water between the irrigated canal and the field average the period (2013-2017) at the level of the Republic reached a maximum of 93.6% for the Sesame crop, and a minimum of about 66.9% for the sugar beet crop. The efficiency of water delivery of field crops between Aswan and the field at the level of the Republic reached a maximum of about 92.6% for sugarcane crop, but only about 65.3% for maize crop. - The yield of cubic meter of field crop water for the winter meal in the different regions of the republic is higher than that of the summer crop crops, which leads to a decrease in water discharge, especially the sea side, in the middle and upper Egypt regions. - The net yield of the above water unit in the garlic crop was 6.3 LE/m3, followed by the onion crop at  6.2 LE/ m3, then the continuous clover and the clover, which was 5.3, 4.1 LE/ m3 respectively. - The highest yield of the cost of irrigation was achieved by the onion crop at 57.9 pounds, followed by garlic at about 39.7 pounds, lentils about 33.9 pounds, and permanent clover about 33.3 pounds. - Clover yield is estimated to be the first by irrigation costs to 31.4%, followed by 29.2%, followed by sugarcane, rice, (18.7%,17.6%) respectively. Sugar cane and alfalfa crops ranked first and second with irrigation costs to 11.8%, 11.4% respectively, followed by rice yield 11.1%.- The correlation between the net yield of feddan and the net return of the water unit for some types of cropping patterns reached an average of about 0.51.