Abstract
The elicitor Hrip1 isolated from necrotrophic fungus Alternaria tenuissima, could induce systemic acquired resistance in tobacco to enhance resistance to tobacco mosaic virus. In the present study, we found that the transgenic lines of Hrip1-overexpression in wild type (WT) Arabidopsis thaliana were more resistant to Spodoptera exigua and were early bolting and flowering than the WT. A profiling of transcription assay using digital gene expression profiling was used for transgenic and WT Arabidopsis thaliana. Differentially expressed genes including 40 upregulated and three downregulated genes were identified. In transgenic lines of Hrip1-overexpression, three genes related to jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis were significantly upregulated, and the JA level was found to be higher than WT. Two GDSL family members (GLIP1 and GLIP4) and pathogen-related gene, which participated in pathogen defense action, were upregulated in the transgenic line of Hrip1-overexpression. Thus, Hrip1 is involved in affecting the flower bolting time and regulating endogenous JA biosynthesis and regulatory network to enhance resistance to insect.
Highlights
Plants are constantly adapting to environmental changes of abiotic and biotic stresses, because of their evolved ability to appropriately respond to changes in stressful conditions [1,2,3,4]
To eliminate the phenotypic characteristic that was caused by transplant, three independent Hrip1-overexpression lines (35S:Hrip1-1, 35S:Hrip1-2, and 35S:Hrip1-3) with High, middle and low expression levels were selected for further analysis
The previously article reported that the transgenic plants can enhance biotic and abiotic resistance when Hrip1 is overexpressed in Arabidopsis [56]
Summary
Plants are constantly adapting to environmental changes of abiotic and biotic stresses, because of their evolved ability to appropriately respond to changes in stressful conditions [1,2,3,4]. The innate immune systems of plants detect the invasion signals’ response to biotic stress and initiate the regulation of plant growth and defense [3]. Some effectors including plant phytohormones, pathogenesis-related protein (PR), and GDSL-type esterases/lipases play critical roles to mediate these regulatory signaling networks. Phytohormones are produced in the plants and they control the behavior of growth and defense in plants. Jasmonates (JAs), a set of fatty acid-derived signaling molecules, are involved in many developmental processes, such as root growth, tuberization, tendril coiling, pollen development, and seed germination [5].
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