Abstract
Ecological Port, also known as Green Port (EcoPort), is an important development strategy protecting marine aquatic life and ecosystem. It provides business information on environmentally best practices and corporate responsibility centred around marine ports and terminals, including shipping, transport and logistics. Green Port concept gives a great opportunity to make transportation clean and efficient. Marine industry should adopt new legislations to create a clean future. It is the key point to implement strict liquid and solid waste policies and to begin to use low sulphur fuel and electric power whenever possible. Green Ports utilize electric powered cranes and they have strict garbage policies and well-educated personnel. Furthermore, the vessels entering Green Ports must have an accreditated waste management and bunkering plan. In this study, the implementation of the Green Port concept at some selected Turkish, European and the US Ports was given and a simple Green Port Model was prepared.
Highlights
Water quality may be influenced by a wide range of natural factors
The water quality can be measured via a set of parameters: transparency, pH, temperature, salinity, turbidity, suspended solid (SS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), sulfide (S2), nitrogen (N), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), phosphorous (P), cadmium (Cd), cyanide (CN), hydrocarbons (H/C), density and types of phytoplankton and zooplankton are some of the more usual parameters that are measured to study the quality of the water [14]
The Ministry of Transport, Maritime Affair and Communications, and the Directorate General of Merchant Marine in Turkey have initiated the Green Port Project in 2012. In this Project, “Green Port” award was given to the port facilities which comply with the standards that have been stipulated by Turkish Administration
Summary
Water quality may be influenced by a wide range of natural factors (biological, geological, hydrological, meteorological, and topographical). The policies that should be implemented in a Green Port deal with the following: protection of nature, highest possible level of pollution reduction, increased use of renewable energy and the recycling of materials All these policies are aimed to reduce the negative impact on the environment as well as to protect and improve the ecosystem and marine aquatic environment (natural life policy), to reduce airborne emissions (air policy), to ensure the cleanliness of the harbor and coastal waters (water policy), and of the port base (soil and sediment policy), to collaborate with stakeholders and spread awareness knowledge (education policy), to design and manage applications of the port area, to perform operations (sustainability policy) and to reduce energy consumption by using renewable and environmentally friendly energy (energy policy). Most “green” port dues relate to vessels, e.g. the Environmental Ship Index (ESI) [8]
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