Abstract

The prospects for renewable energy are enhanced through the use of hydrogen energy systems in which hydrogen is an energy carrier. As easily accessible fossil fuel supplies become scarcer and environmental concerns increase, hydrogen is likely to become an increasingly important chemical energy carrier. As the world’s energy sources become less fossil fuel-based, hydrogen and electricity are expected to be the two dominant energy carriers for the provision of end-use services, in a hydrogen economy. Thus, hydrogen energy systems allow greater use of renewable energy resources. In this paper, the role of hydrogen as an energy carrier and hydrogen energy systems, and their economics, are described and reviewed.

Highlights

  • IntroductionE.g., fossil fuels, uranium, renewable energy resources

  • Many energy sources exist, e.g., fossil fuels, uranium, renewable energy resources

  • Some feel that renewable energy resources can supply all energy requirements, others believe the potential is limited due to their challenges, e.g., intermittency, but hydrogen energy systems appear capable of improving the prospects for renewable energy

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Summary

Introduction

E.g., fossil fuels, uranium, renewable energy resources. Renewable energy sources cannot act as energy carriers and presently are mainly used to produce the energy carrier electricity. This limits the prospects for renewable energy since societies cannot operate effectively with only electricity. They need chemical fuels for processes such as transportation [1]-[3]. Some feel that renewable energy resources can supply all energy requirements, others believe the potential is limited due to their challenges, e.g., intermittency, but hydrogen energy systems appear capable of improving the prospects for renewable energy. The use of hydrogen as an energy carrier and hydrogen energy technologies, including those for hydrogen production, utilization, storage and distribution, are described

Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier
Production
Storage
Distribution
Utilization
Hydrogen Energy Systems Economics
Findings
Conclusions
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